An analysis of traditional and digital methods for producing three dimensional artworks

This document is an investigation into the tools and processes used by artists and designers to convert their mental ideas into three dimensional space. Limiting itself to the field of sculptures using the human figure as the central subject, this research covers the techniques and tools used and the potential for recent engineering technologies to offer some advantage. The paper makes two major assertions: that a number of identifiable criteria are used by artists to control the forming of space, and that the recent emergence of haptic devices and additive fabrication may offer a relief from the constraints of some of these criteria. The research involves the creation of artworks using two separate sculpting techniques and cross analysing the processes used and the results being produced. The first sculptural technique involves organic clays formed using manual hand tools, compared to the second technique of utilising computer generated virtual clays formed using specific software applications and a desk mounted haptic feedback device as substitute for the manual tools. The research concluded with an exhibition of the works created and the submission of this exegesis.