A strategic assessment of the potential for a new pyrolysis industry in the Hunter Valley

New technology is important to provide the best solutions to reduce Greenhouse Gas emissions and draw down legacy CO₂ levels. A new slow pyrolysis technology called a continuous biomass converter is investigated for early adoption in the Upper Hunter Valley of Australia. Primarily using The Natural Step sustainability methodology to assess the potential ecological, cultural and economic impacts, this strategic assessment connects business development and regional plans within a changing agricultural sector. This transdisciplinary approach addresses interconnected questions between the conversion technology, the biomass supply (inputs), the unique products produced (outputs) and their potential applications to create a more sustainable future. The biomass options in the study area are shown to be diverse and while most are accounted for, a reallocation of some could form the foundation of a secure long-term supply. Green waste is identified as the preferred feedstock for early adoption. Assessment of char (referred to as biochar when used in soil) and pyrolysis liquid (also called wood vinegar) includes a randomised block design field trial to establish dosage levels and confirms biochar and pyrolysis liquid can be advantageous for plant growth. By engaging with existing industries as well as creating new business pathways, these findings have important implications for future land use and regional climate change mitigation choices.