Growing burden of gamma-hydroxybutyrate intoxication on emergency department resource utilisation

Objective: Recreational gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) use is rising in Australia. We aimed to describe ED presentation patterns related to GHB over time and the impact this has on ED resource use. Methods: Retrospective review of prospective data collection from two clinical toxicology units based in Queensland and New South Wales. Results: There were 751 GHB-related presentations to the two units (Newcastle, 127; Princess Alexandria, 624), with marked increases in presentations occurring in 2019 and 2023. The major intervention was intubation, with 95 (13%) patients intubated. Conclusion: GHB presentations to ED are rising and the impact on acute bed space and clinical resources is significant.