A Saturated Map of Common Genetic Variants Associated with Human Height
journal contribution
posted on 2025-05-09, 02:42 authored by Loïc Yengo, Sailaja Vedantam, Jenkai Miao, S Gustafsson, J Haessler, TF Hansen, AS Havulinna, SJ Haworth, J He, N Heard-Costa, P Hebbar, G Hindy, Y-LA Ho, Joshua D. Arias, E Hofer, Elizabeth HollidayElizabeth Holliday, K Horn, WE Hornsby, J-J Hottenga, H Huang, J Huang, A Huerta-Chagoya, JE Huffman, Y-J Hung, Sarah E. Graham, S Huo, MY Hwang, H Iha, DD Ikeda, M Isono, AU Jackson, S Jager, IE Jansen, I Johansson, JB Jonas, Ronen E. Mukamel, A Jonsson, T Jorgensen, I-P Kalafati, M Kanai, S Kanoni, LL Karhus, A Kasturiratne, T Katsuya, T Kawaguchi, RL Kember, Cassandra N. Spracklen, KA Kentistou, H-N Kim, YJ Kim, ME Kleber, MJ Knol, A Kurbasic, M Lauzon, P Le, Rodney LeaRodney Lea, J-Y Lee, Xianyong Yin, HL Leonard, SA Li, X Li, J Liang, H Lin, S-Y Lin, X Liu, KS Lo, Shyh-Huei Chen, J Long, L Lores-Motta, J Luan, V Lyssenko, L-P Lyytikainen, A Mahajan, V Mamakou, M Mangino, A Manichaikul, J Marten, Teresa Ferreira, M Mattheisen, L Mavarani, AF McDaid, K Meidtner, TL Melendez, JM Mercader, Y Milaneschi, JE Miller, IY Millwood, PP Mishra, Heather H. Highland, RE Mitchell, LT Mollehave, A Morgan, S Mucha, M Munz, M Nakatochi, CP Nelson, M Nethander, CW Nho, AA Nielsen, Yingjie Ji, IM Nolte, SS Nongmaithem, R Noordam, I Ntalla, T Nutile, A Pandit, P Christofidou, K Parna, M Pauper, ERB Petersen, Eirini Marouli, Tugce Karaderi, L Petersen, N Pitkanen, O Polasek, A Poveda, MH Preuss, S Pyarajan, LM Raffield, H Rakugi, J Ramirez, A Rasheed, K Lin, D Raven, NW Rayner, Ricardo RiverosRicardo Riveros, R Rohde, D Ruggiero, SE Ruotsalainen, KA Ryan, M Sabater-Lleal, R Saxena, M Scholz, K Lull, A Sendamarai, B Shen, J Shi, JH Shin, C Sidore, CM Sitlani, RKC Slieker, RAJ Smit, A Smith, JA Smith, DE Malden, LJ Smyth, LE Southam, V Steinthorsdottir, L Sun, F Takeuchi, D Tallapragada, KD Taylor, BO Tayo, C Tcheandjieu, N Terzikhan, C Medina-Gomez, P Tesolin, A Teumer, E Theusch, DJ Thompson, G Thorleifsson, PRHJ Timmers, S Trompet, C Turman, S Vaccargiu, SW van der Laan, M Machado, PJ van der Most, JB van Klinken, J van Setten, SS Verma, N Verweij, Y Veturi, Carol A. Wang, C Wang, L Wang, Z Wang, A Moore, HR Warren, WB Wei, AR Wickremasinghe, M Wielscher, KL Wiggins, BS Winsvold, A Wong, Y Wu, M Wuttke, R Xia, S Rueger, T Xie, K Yamamoto, J Yang, J Yao, H Young, NA Yousri, L Yu, L Zeng, W Zhang, X Zhang, X Sim, J-H Zhao, W Zhao, W Zhou, ME Zimmermann, M Zoledziewska, LS Adair, HHH Adams, CA Aguilar-Salinas, F Al-Mulla, DK Arnett, S Vrieze, FW Asselbergs, BO Asvold, John AttiaJohn Attia, B Banas, S Bandinelli, DA Bennett, T Bergler, D Bharadwaj, G Biino, H Bisgaard, Julia Sidorenko, TS Ahluwalia, E Boerwinkle, CA Boger, K Bonnelykke, D Boomsma, AD Borglum, JB Borja, C Bouchard, DW Bowden, I Brandslund, B Brumpton, M Akiyama, JE Buring, MJ Caulfield, JC Chambers, GR Chandak, SJ Chanock, N Chaturvedi, Y-DI Chen, Z Chen, C-Y Cheng, IE Christophersen, MA Allison, M Ciullo, JW Cole, FS Collins, RS Cooper, M Cruz, F Cucca, LA Cupples, MJ Cutler, SM Damrauer, TM Dantoft, M Alvarez, GJ de Borst, LCPGM de Groot, PL De Jager, DP de Kleijn, HJ de Silva, G Dedoussis, A den Hollander, S Du, DF Easton, PJM Elders, MK Andersen, AH Eliassen, PT Ellinor, S Elmstahl, J Erdmann, MK Evans, D Fatkin, B Feenstra, MF Feitosa, L Ferrucci, I Ford, A Ani, M Fornage, A Franke, PW Franks, B Freedman, P Gasparini, C Gieger, G Girotto, ME Goddard, YM Golightly, C Gonzalez-Villalpando, V Appadurai, P Gordon-Larsen, H Grallert, SFA Grant, N Grarup, L Griffiths, V Gudnason, C Haiman, H Hakonarson, T Hansen, CA Hartman, L Arbeeva, AT Hattersley, C Hayward, SR Heckbert, C-K Heng, C Hengstenberg, AW Hewitt, H Hishigaki, CB Hoyng, PL Huang, W Huang, S Bhaskar, SC Hunt, K Hveem, E Hypponen, WG Iacono, S Ichihara, MA Ikram, CR Isasi, RD Jackson, M-R Jarvelin, Z-B Jin, LF Bielak, K-H Jockel, PK Joshi, P Jousilahti, JW Jukema, M Kahonen, Y Kamatani, KD Kang, J Kaprio, SLR Kardia, F Karpe, Eric Bartell, S Bollepalli, N Kato, F Kee, T Kessler, A Khera, CC Khor, LALM Kiemeney, B-J Kim, EK Kim, H-L Kim, P Kirchhof, LL Bonnycastle, M Kivimaki, W-P Koh, HA Koistinen, GD Kolovou, JS Kooner, C Kooperberg, A Kottgen, P Kovacs, A Kraaijeveld, P Kraft, J Bork-Jensen, RM Krauss, M Kumari, Z Kutalik, M Laakso, LA Lange, C Langenberg, LJ Launer, L Le Marchand, H Lee, NR Lee, JP Bradfield, T Lehtimaki, H Li, L Li, W Lieb, X Lin, L Lind, A Linneberg, C-T Liu, J Liu, M Loeffler, Y Bradford, B London, SA Lubitz, SJ Lye, DA Mackey, R Magi, PKE Magnusson, GM Marcus, PM Vidal, NG Martin, W Marz, PS Braund, F Matsuda, RW McGarrah, M McGue, AJ McKnight, SE Medland, D Mellstrom, A Metspalu, BD Mitchell, P Mitchell, DO Mook-Kanamori, JA Brody, AD Morris, LA Mucci, PB Munroe, MA Nalls, S Nazarian, AE Nelson, MJ Neville, C Newton-Cheh, CS Nielsen, MM Nothen, KS Burgdorf, C Ohlsson, AJ Oldehinkel, L Orozco, K Pahkala, P Pajukanta, CNA Palmer, EJ Parra, C Pattaro, O Pedersen, Craig PennellCraig Pennell, BE Cade, BWJH Penninx, L Perusse, A Peters, PA Peyser, DJ Porteous, D Posthuma, C Power, PP Pramstaller, MA Province, Q Qi, H Cai, J Qu, DJ Rader, OT Raitakari, S Ralhan, LS Rallidis, DC Rao, S Redline, DF Reilly, AP Reiner, SY Rhee, Saori Sakaue, Q Cai, PM Ridker, M Rienstra, S Ripatti, MD Ritchie, DM Roden, FR Rosendaal, J Rotter, I Rudan, F Rutters, C Sabanayagam, A Campbell, D Saleheen, V Salomaa, NJ Samani, DK Sanghera, N Sattar, B Schmidt, H Schmidt, R Schmidt, MB Schulze, H Schunkert, M Canadas-Garre, LJ Scott, Rodney ScottRodney Scott, P Sever, EJ Shiroma, MB Shoemaker, X-O Shu, EM Simonsick, M Sims, JR Singh, AB Singleton, E Catamo, MF Sinner, JG Smith, H Snieder, TD Spector, MJ Stampfer, KJ Stark, DP Strachan, LM t' Hart, Y Tabara, H Tang, J-F Chai, J-C Tardif, TA Thanaraj, NJ Timpson, A Tonjes, A Tremblay, T Tuomi, J Tuomilehto, M-T Tusie-Luna, AG Uitterlinden, RM van Dam, X ChaiCommon single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are predicted to collectively explain 40–50% of phenotypic variation in human height, but identifying the specific variants and associated regions requires huge sample sizes1. Here, using data from a genome-wide association study of 5.4 million individuals of diverse ancestries, we show that 12,111 independent SNPs that are significantly associated with height account for nearly all of the common SNP-based heritability. These SNPs are clustered within 7,209 non-overlapping genomic segments with a mean size of around 90 kb, covering about 21% of the genome. The density of independent associations varies across the genome and the regions of increased density are enriched for biologically relevant genes. In out-of-sample estimation and prediction, the 12,111 SNPs (or all SNPs in the HapMap 3 panel2) account for 40% (45%) of phenotypic variance in populations of European ancestry but only around 10–20% (14–24%) in populations of other ancestries. Effect sizes, associated regions and gene prioritization are similar across ancestries, indicating that reduced prediction accuracy is likely to be explained by linkage disequilibrium and differences in allele frequency within associated regions. Finally, we show that the relevant biological pathways are detectable with smaller sample sizes than are needed to implicate causal genes and variants. Overall, this study provides a comprehensive map of specific genomic regions that contain the vast majority of common height-associated variants. Although this map is saturated for populations of European ancestry, further research is needed to achieve equivalent saturation in other ancestries.
History
Journal title
NatureVolume
610Issue
7933Pagination
704-712Publisher
Nature Publishing GroupPlace published
LondonLanguage
- en, English
